Recently, the β₂-adrenoceptor agonist terbutaline was shown to have α₁-adrenolytic activity in mouse isolated pulmonary arteries in vitro and to lower pulmonary artery pressure in anaesthetised mice. The aim of our study was to determine the α₁-adrenoceptor antagonist activity of terbutaline and its structurally close resorcinol, orciprenaline, in rat isolated small mesenteric arteries set up for myography. Their α₁-adrenoceptor antagonist potency was then compared with their potency as β₂-adrenoceptor agonists. Concentration-response curves to methoxamine were competitively antagonised by terbutaline (30–300 μM) or orciprenaline (30–300 μM) with a pK_B of 4.70 ± 0.09 or 4.79 ± 0.17, respectively. Both terbutaline and orciprenaline fulfilled the criteria for simple, silent competitive antagonism. Terbutaline (30–300 μM) had no effect on endothelin-1 concentration-contraction curves. Our findings suggest that after oral dosing of terbutaline, the maximum plasma levels would NOT reach levels to show α₁-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. In conclusion, our work has provided additional quantitative evidence that terbutaline and orciprenaline are weak competitive α₁-adrenoceptor antagonists, but this additional property is probably not therapeutically important in the clinical treatment of asthma or pulmonary artery hypertension with these more potent β₂-adrenoceptor agonists.